Methylcobalamin, identified by CAS number 13422-55-4, is a naturally occurring and physiologically active form of Vitamin B12. Chemically, it is a cobalamin featuring a unique cobalt-methyl bond, distinguishing it from other B12 analogs like cyanocobalamin. This deep red, crystalline substance is highly valued in biochemical research and industrial applications due to its role as a critical methyl donor in various enzymatic reactions.
In terms of physical properties, methylcobalamin is notably photolabile, meaning it degrades when exposed to light, requiring careful handling and storage in opaque containers. It exhibits moderate solubility in water and polar solvents. As a key cofactor for the enzyme methionine synthase, it plays a fundamental role in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine, making it an indispensable component in the study of one-carbon metabolism and cellular health.