Potassium 4-Nitrophenolate
Potassium 4-nitrophenolate (CAS 2840-22-4), also called potassium p-nitrophenolate or 4-nitrophenol potassium salt, is the potassium salt of 4-nitrophenol and appears as an intense yellow crystalline solid or powder that is readily soluble in water. The salt is strongly coloured in the visible region because the phenolate anion is highly conjugated with the para nitro group, and this chromophoric behaviour makes the 4-nitrophenolate ion one of the most widely used reporter groups in enzymology and analytical chemistry. The material is basic in aqueous solution, is stable when stored dry and protected from light, and should never be carelessly acidified because the liberated free 4-nitrophenol is toxic and hazardous to the aquatic environment.
1. Synthetic intermediate: used to prepare 4-nitrophenol derivatives by O-alkylation and acylation and as a building block for dyes, pigments, photographic chemicals, antioxidants and agrochemical active substances.
2. Analytical and biochemical assays: the 4-nitrophenolate anion is the yellow chromophore released from nitrophenyl esters, phosphates, glycosides and sulfates, so the salt is used in enzyme activity assays, kinetics studies, colorimetric determinations and calibration standards.
3. Other industrial applications: employed as an intermediate for aromatic amines after catalytic reduction, in leather and textile processing, and in laboratory demonstrations of acid-base indicator behaviour for teaching and method development.
4. Handling and storage: harmful and irritating; the phenolate acts as a membrane-uncoupling toxicant, so wear protective equipment, keep the container sealed, dry and away from acids and oxidising agents, and dispose of the material as hazardous waste.
Product Name: Potassium 4-Nitrophenolate
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