N-Hydroxysuccinimide (CAS: 6066-82-6) is a hydroxylamine-derived imide supplied as a white crystalline powder, slightly hygroscopic. Its N-hydroxyl group reacts with carbodiimides and carboxylic acids to form stable, amine-reactive succinimidyl esters, making it one of the standard reagents for amide and peptide bond formation and for labelling biomolecules.
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4-Formylbenzoic Acid (CAS: 619-66-9) is a bifunctional aromatic compound supplied as a white to off-white crystalline powder. It carries both an aldehyde and a carboxylic acid on the same benzene ring, so each group can be functionalised independently: the aldehyde undergoes condensation, reductive amination and imine formation, while the acid provides salts, esters and amides.
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3-Methyl-2-nitrobenzoic Acid (CAS: 5437-38-7) is a substituted aromatic acid supplied as a white to pale yellow crystalline powder. The adjacent nitro and methyl groups create a sterically demanding, electron-poor ring: the carboxylic acid can be converted to amides, esters or acid chlorides, while the nitro group can be reduced to an aniline for further cyclisation
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Benzyltrimethylammonium Chloride (CAS: 56-93-9) is a quaternary ammonium salt most commonly supplied as a 60% aqueous solution, a colourless to pale yellow clear liquid. The benzyltrimethylammonium cation is a strong organic base and an effective phase transfer catalyst, carrying hydroxide, halide or carboxylate anions into organic phases and accelerating alkylations, esterifications and condensations.
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Ethyl 2-Bromobutyrate (CAS: 533-68-6) is an alpha-bromo ester supplied as a colourless to light yellow clear liquid. The bromine atom adjacent to the ester group is readily displaced by nucleophiles, allowing carbon-chain extension, and the ester can subsequently be hydrolysed or reduced, which makes the product a convenient two-carbon-plus-branch building block.
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Benzyl Carbazate (CAS: 5331-43-1) is a protected hydrazine derivative supplied as a white to off-white crystalline powder. The benzyloxycarbonyl group masks one nitrogen of hydrazine, so the free amino terminus can be selectively acylated, alkylated or used in hydrazone formation without unwanted side reactions.
Ethyl 2-Bromopropionate (CAS: 535-11-5) is an alpha-bromo ester supplied as a colourless clear liquid with a pungent odour. The bromine at the alpha position undergoes facile nucleophilic substitution, and the propionate ester provides a compact chiral-adjacent framework, so the product is widely used to append a two-carbon unit bearing functionality.
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L-Hydroxyproline (CAS: 51-35-4) is a non-proteinogenic amino acid occurring as a white crystalline powder with a slightly sweet taste. It is the trans-4-hydroxy derivative of L-proline and is the characteristic imino acid of collagen, where it stabilises the triple helix; it is produced mainly by hydrolysis of collagen-rich material and by fermentation.
Sodium Sulfanilate (CAS: 515-74-2) is the monosodium salt of sulfanilic acid, supplied as a white to pale yellow crystalline powder that dissolves readily in water. The molecule combines a primary aromatic amine with a sulfonate group, giving a water-soluble diazotisable intermediate that is easy to handle in aqueous media.
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Benzyltriethylammonium Bromide (CAS: 5197-95-5) is a quaternary ammonium salt supplied as a white to off-white crystalline powder. It is a widely used phase transfer catalyst: the lipophilic benzyltriethylammonium cation transports anions such as hydroxide, cyanide, carboxylate or halide into organic media, greatly accelerating substitution, alkylation and oxidation reactions under mild conditions.
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o-Tolunitrile (CAS: 529-19-1) is an aromatic nitrile supplied as a colourless clear liquid with a faint aromatic odour. The ortho-methyl and nitrile groups allow selective functionalisation, and the nitrile can be hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid or amide, reduced to an amine, or used to build heterocyclic rings.
Isovaleric Acid (CAS: 503-74-2) is a short-chain branched carboxylic acid supplied as a colourless clear liquid with a characteristic pungent, cheesy odour. It occurs naturally in many plant and fermentation systems and is a building block for esters used in flavour and fragrance compositions, as well as for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and lubricant additives.
2,3,5,6-Tetrafluorobenzyl Alcohol (CAS: 4084-38-2) is a fluorinated aromatic alcohol that occurs as a white to off-white crystalline solid melting in the 32-38 °C range. The four fluorine atoms on the ring increase lipophilicity and resistance to metabolic and oxidative degradation, while the hydroxymethyl group provides a convenient handle for esterification, etherification and halogenation.
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N-Ethyl-N-methylcarbamoyl Chloride (CAS: 42252-34-6) is a low-molecular-weight carbamoyl chloride supplied as a colourless to almost colourless clear liquid. The electrophilic carbonyl carbon reacts readily with alcohols, amines and phenols to give carbamates, ureas and substituted amides, which makes the product a direct route to N-ethyl-N-methyl carbamate structures.
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Tetrapropylammonium Hydroxide (CAS: 4499-86-9) is a quaternary ammonium hydroxide normally supplied as a 40% aqueous solution, a colourless to pale yellow clear liquid.
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4-Chlorobutyryl Chloride (CAS: 4635-59-0) is a difunctional acid chloride supplied as a colourless to light yellow clear liquid with a sharp, irritating odour. The molecule contains both an acyl chloride and a terminal alkyl chloride, so it can be used for successive acylation and substitution steps, cyclisation to cyclopropane or butyrolactone systems, and introduction of
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